Spice Crops

Accessibility to good ways, transportation facilities, and market A good farm-to-market road is practically essential. Bad roads limit the size of loads, increase give out and tear, and cause crops to be bruise. 2. ) Well-drained worlds A gently sloping land is a good site because it allows for efficient water drainage. The site should not live with any depression where water may accumulate. 3. ) Soil fertility spiciness crops can be nurturen in almost all types of foulness. However, they wave best in loose, friable, sandy loam soil rich in gross(a) matter. 4. ) Climatic conditionsMost zest crops grow best under warm riled climates but some grow in dry environments. Determining what lovable of spice crop to grow in a particular atomic number 18a should be through beforehand. 5. ) Rainfall The amount of rainfall is important because spice crops do not grow well in beas with excessive rainfall. Instead, they grow faster in places with direct picture to sunlight. Prepa ring the Onions There are some(prenominal) varieties of onion plant grow here in the Philippines. Among them are red ink Globe, Excel, Granex, trigger-happy Creoles, Crystal Wax, Japanese Bunching, Baguio green,and Beltsville Bunching. The onion plot should be plowed, harrowed, and left in good tilth.The surface should be well worked and smooth. For all(prenominal) kilogram, prepare a 110 meter plot. Prepare five plots and five kilograms of seeds for every hectare of planting area. Sow the seeds thinly and evenly thusly water the plot. deny them with a thin layer of pulverized soil to avoid exposure to sunlight. Keep the soil moist by tearing it every calendar week with ammonium sulfate. Seedlings are grown for 30-40days. As the onion matures, gradually descend water supply to promote proper bulb ripening. Stop watering when the tops of onion start falling over as they are almost ready for crop.Onions keeping quality is longer when it is amply ripe when harvested. PLANTIN G AND CARING FOR ONIONS Planting and Transplanting Onions can be planted either by clean culture or mulch culture method. If clean culture is used, the theatre should be plowed and harrowed to require the weeds and pulverized the soil. One or double rows are therefore made, and complete fertilizer and processed fertilizer at the rate of 4-6 kg. per ampere-secondsq. m of land are thoroughly mixed and employ. The plots should be sufficiently irrigated to wet the soil. In the mulch method, the written report is not plowed. Instead, the remain stalks are ablation nearest to the ground.Then, the field is allowed to dry while the weeds are removed. The field should be irrigated three days before transplanting. Fertilizer should be applied a week before transplanting. The amount of fertilizer to apply may depend on the native soil fertility, thus soil analysis is necessary. After 30-40 days, irrigate the field to loosen the soil. Uproot the seedlings care fully, and plant them in t he plot in columns with a distance of 8-10cm. Make sure that the soil has enough moisture while the plants are growing. Irrigation In the plot method, the stolon watering is done after one week from the date of planting.Irrigate the field just enough to water the soil. Apply the fertilizer consisting of five bags of ammonium sulfate and five bags of carbamide per hectare are then applied. The field is then irrigated every 10days. On the third irrigation, a combination of five bags of urea and five bags of muriate of potash are applied. On the fourth irrigation, 20 bags of complete fertilizer per hectare are then applied In the mulched method, less irrigation is done because the rice straws can turn back the moisture of the soil longer. In twain methods of planting, irrigation is no longer done one month before harvesting the crops.Pest and Diseases The common Pest that attack onions are thrips and nocturnal leaf-eating worms. You squander learned that thrips are winged insects t hat eat parts of onions leaves, which then become yellow and dried from tip to base. To meet these pests, spray the infested plant with Malathion or any appropriate insecticide. Purple blotch and onion pink rot are the common diseases caused by fungus kingdom that usually attack onions. Practicing crop rotation, planting of resistant varieties, and applying appropriate pesticides are some of the measures that farmers may use to control these diseases. HARVEST AND POST-HARVEST OF ONIONSHarvesting and Post-harvesting Operations The crimp of the onion leaves is a sign that the onions are ready for harvesting. The maturity utmost of the crop differs according to the variety, just make sure that only the fully ripe ones are harvested to enhance their keeping quality. Red Globe, for example, matures in 100 days or more Excel matures in 90-100 days Red Creole matures in 110-120 days and Granex matures in 130-135 days. Onions are harvested by uprooting the plants carefully. The bulbs sh ould be properly sorted from the thick necks (will not store so long) injure or damaged bulbs should be cleaned.The plants are then placed in nylon sacks, bamboo crates or baskets. Onions should be carefully handled and properly cured, so that they will retain their freshness and quality. Onions should be placed in cold storage live with a dry atmosphere and adequate ventilation Marketing of Onions spanking market onions are distributed through broker-shippers, grower-shippers, and chain store buyers. Many growers habituated of their crops soon after harvest. Dealers, shoppers, supermarket buyers, and others are usually on hand at harvest time to buy the products on cash basis, some on consignment basis.In some areas, onions are commonly sold under selling contracts between growers and shippers. Profit Crops Production Cost Gross income Net income (Pesos)(Pesos) (Pesos) Onions P50. 00 P100. 00 P50. 00 The remaining P50. 00 profit will be the total profit for my plant fruit of o nions.FIAT LUX ACADEME Cavite In partial fulfillment of the requirement in T. L. E. II A Project Plant for my Plant Production Submitted by Rotsen R. Manaois II Germanium Submitted to Miss Hirlen E. Pico T. L. E. Teacher